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Disease Profile

Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Childhood

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ICD-10

G60.0

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Gamstorp-Wohlfart Syndrome; Myokymia, Myotonia, And Muscle Wasting; ARAN-NM;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
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Orpha Number: 324442

Definition
A rare peripheral neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive axonal, motor greater than sensory, polyneuropathy combined with neuromytonia (including spontaneous muscular activity at rest (myokymia), impaired muscle relaxation (pseudomyotonia), and contractures of hands and feet) and neuromyotonic or myokymic discharges on needle EMG. It presents with distal lower limb weakness with gait impairment, muscle stiffness, fasciculations and cramps in hands and legs worsened by cold, decreased to absent tendon reflexes, intrinsic hand muscle atrophy and, variably, mild distal sensory impairment.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Distal lower limb muscle weakness
0009053
EMG: chronic denervation signs
0003444
EMG: myokymic discharges
0100288
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Absent Achilles reflex
Absent ankle reflexes
0003438
Elevated serum creatine kinase
Elevated blood creatine phosphokinase
Elevated circulating creatine phosphokinase
Elevated creatine kinase
Elevated serum CPK
Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase
High serum creatine kinase
Increased CPK
Increased creatine kinase
Increased creatine phosphokinase
Increased serum CK
Increased serum creatine kinase
Increased serum creatine phosphokinase

[ more ]

0003236
Exercise intolerance
Decreased ability to exercise
Inability to exercise

[ more ]

0003546
Fatigable weakness of distal limb muscles
0030198
Frequent falls
0002359
Handgrip myotonia
0012899
Limb fasciculations
0007289
Motor axonal neuropathy
0007002
Motor polyneuropathy
0007178
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Achilles tendon contracture
Shortening of the achilles tendon
Tight achilles tendon

[ more ]

0001771
Distal lower limb amyotrophy
0008944
Distal sensory impairment of all modalities
0003409
Exercise-induced leg cramps
0008991
Foot dorsiflexor weakness
Foot drop
0009027
Impaired vibration sensation in the lower limbs
Decreased lower limb vibratory sense
Decreased vibratory sense in lower limbs
Decreased vibratory sense in the lower extremities
Decreased vibratory sense in the lower limbs
Diminished vibratory sensation in the legs

[ more ]

0002166
Intrinsic hand muscle atrophy
0008954
Muscle stiffness
0003552
Paresthesia
Pins and needles feeling
Tingling

[ more ]

0003401
Percussion-induced rapid rolling muscle contractions
0003760
Peroneal muscle atrophy
0009049
Pes cavus
High-arched foot
0001761
Progressive inability to walk
0002505
Sensory axonal neuropathy
0003390
Steppage gait
High stepping
0003376
Tetraparesis
0002273
Weakness of long finger extensor muscles
0009077
Weakness of the intrinsic hand muscles
0009005
Writer's cramp
0002356
1%-4% of people have these symptoms
Camptodactyly of finger
Permanent flexion of the finger
0100490
Hyperhidrosis
Excessive sweating
Increased sweating
Profuse sweating
Sweating
Sweating profusely
Sweating, increased

[ more ]

0000975
Intellectual disability, mild
Mental retardation, borderline-mild
Mild and nonprogressive mental retardation
Mild mental retardation

[ more ]

0001256
Short third metatarsal
Short 3rd long bone of foot
0004686
Specific learning disability
0001328
Split hand
Claw hand
Claw hand deformities
Claw hands
Claw-hand deformities
Split-hand

[ more ]

0001171
Thoracic scoliosis
0002943
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormal foot morphology
Abnormal feet structure
Abnormality of the feet
Abnormality of the foot
Foot deformities
Foot deformity

[ more ]

0001760
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Distal sensory impairment
Decreased sensation in extremities
0002936
Fasciculations
Muscle twitch
0002380
Muscle spasm
0003394
Myokymia
0002411
Myotonia
0002486
Progressive
Worsens with time
0003676
Skeletal muscle atrophy
Muscle degeneration
Muscle wasting

[ more ]

0003202

Organizations

Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease

    Learn more

    These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

    Where to Start

    • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.

      In-Depth Information

      • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
      • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
      • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
      • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Autosomal recessive axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.