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Disease Profile
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
Unknown
Age of onset
Adolescent
ICD-10
G52.1
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Summary
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a disorder that is associated with repeated episodes of severe pain in the tongue, throat, ear, and tonsils. These areas are all connected to the ninth cranial nerve, also called the glossopharyngeal nerve. Episodes of pain may last from a few seconds to a few minutes and usually occur on one side of the face. The pain may be triggered by swallowing, speaking, laughing, chewing, or coughing.[1]
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is thought to be caused by irritation of the glossopharyngeal nerve, but the exact cause of the irritation is sometimes unknown.[1] Laboratory and
Symptoms
Symptoms of glossopharyngeal neuralgia typically occur in individuals over 40 or 50-years-old.[1][2] Pain usually begins at the back of the tongue or throat, and it sometimes spreads to the ear or the back of the jaw. The pain can cause difficulty speaking and swallowing. In rare cases, the disorder can cause a slow heart rate (bradycardia), hypotension, no heart beat due to cardiac arrest (asystole), or fainting (syncope).[1][2][4]
Cause
Diagnosis
After glossopharyngeal neuralgia is diagnosed, doctors may try to determine the underlying cause of the pain. Tests such as a blood test,
Treatment
In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove pressure from the glossopharyngeal nerve. This may involve removing the cause of the pressure on the nerve or severing the nerve so that it no longer causes pain.[1]
Organizations
Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.
Organizations Supporting this Disease
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American Chronic Pain Association (ACPA)
P.O. Box 850
Rocklin, CA 95677-0850
Toll-free: 800-533-3231
Telephone: 916-632-0922
Fax: 916-652-8190
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://theacpa.org/ -
Facial Pain Association
22 SE Fifth Ave., Suite D
Gainesville, FL 32601
Toll-free: 1-800-923-3608
Telephone: +1-352-384-3600
Fax: +1-352-384-3606
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://fpa-support.org/ -
Pain Relief Foundation
Clinical Sciences Centre
University Hospital Aintree, Lower Lane
Liverpool L9 7AL
United Kingdom
Telephone: 0151 529 5820
Fax: 0151 529 5821
Website: https://painrelieffoundation.org.uk/
Organizations Providing General Support
-
American Pain Society
8735 W. Higgins Road
Suite 300
Chicago, IL 60631
Telephone: 847-375-4715
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://americanpainsociety.org
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
- The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library provides information on this condition for patients and caregivers.
- The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) collects and disseminates research information related to neurological disorders. Click on the link to view information on this topic.
In-Depth Information
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Shelat AM. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia. MedlinePlus. May 30, 2016; https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001636.htm.
- Rubin M. Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia. Merck Manuals. February 2016; https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain-spinal-cord-and-nerve-disorders/cranial-nerve-disorders/glossopharyngeal-neuralgia.
- Bajwa ZH, Ho CC, Khan SA, and Garza I. Overview of craniofacial pain. UpToDate. April 25, 2017; https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-craniofacial-pain.
- Krasoudakis A, Anyfantakis D, Hadjipetrou A, et al. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia associated with cardiac syncope: Two case reports and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2015; 12:4-6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4485693/.
- Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Information Page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Glossopharyngeal-Neuralgia-Information-Page. Accessed 11/12/2017.
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