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Disease Profile

Martsolf syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

Q87.8

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Cataract-intellectual disability-hypogonadism syndrome

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Endocrine Diseases; Eye diseases;

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
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Orpha Number: 1387

Definition
This syndrome is characterized by the association of intellectual deficit, congenital cataract, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Epidemiology
Less than 20 cases have been described in the literature so far.

Clinical description
Besides the three main features of the syndrome, other anomalies have been reported in some of the affected patients including short stature, minor digital abnormalities, microcephaly, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and mild facial dysmorphism (micrognathia, maxilla hypoplasia, low posterior hairline and large ears).

Etiology
Mutations in the RAB3GAP2 gene have been identified in some patients.

Genetic counseling
Transmission is autosomal recessive.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal dermatoglyphics
Abnormal fingerprints
0007477
Cataract
Clouding of the lens of the eye
Cloudy lens

[ more ]

0000518
Everted lower lip vermilion
Drooping lower lip
Outward turned lower lip

[ more ]

0000232
Feeding difficulties in infancy
0008872
Furrowed tongue
Grooved tongue
0000221
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
0000044
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation

[ more ]

0001249
Low posterior hairline
Low hairline at back of neck
0002162
Malar flattening
Zygomatic flattening
0000272
Microcephaly
Abnormally small skull
Decreased circumference of cranium
Decreased size of skull
Reduced head circumference
Small head circumference

[ more ]

0000252
Midface retrusion
Decreased size of midface
Midface deficiency
Underdevelopment of midface

[ more ]

0011800
Prematurely aged appearance
Precociously senile appearance
0007495
Short philtrum
0000322
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal distal phalanx morphology of finger
Abnormality of the outermost finger bone
0009832
Abnormal toenail morphology
Abnormality of the toenail
Abnormality of the toenails

[ more ]

0008388
Brachycephaly
Short and broad skull
0000248
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis

[ more ]

0000028
Depressed nasal bridge
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root

[ more ]

0005280
High palate
Elevated palate
Increased palatal height

[ more ]

0000218
Hyperlordosis
Prominent swayback
0003307
Hypotelorism
Abnormally close eyes
Closely spaced eyes

[ more ]

0000601
Low-set, posteriorly rotated ears
0000368
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw

[ more ]

0000347
Misalignment of teeth
Abnormal dental position
Abnormal teeth spacing
Abnormality of alignment of teeth
Abnormality of teeth spacing
Crooked teeth
Malaligned teeth
Malposition of teeth
Malpositioned teeth

[ more ]

0000692
Ulnar deviation of finger
Finger bends toward pinky
0009465
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of the antihelix
0009738
Cerebral cortical atrophy
Decrease in size of the outer layer of the brain due to loss of brain cells
0002120
Scoliosis
0002650
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Broad fingertip
Broad fingertips
0011300
Broad nasal tip
Broad tip of nose
Broad, upturned nose
Increased breadth of nasal tip
Increased breadth of tip of nose
Increased width of nasal tip
Increased width of tip of nose
Nasal tip, broad
Nasal tip, wide
Wide tip of nose

[ more ]

0000455
Cardiomyopathy
Disease of the heart muscle
0001638
Congestive heart failure
Cardiac failure
Cardiac failures
Heart failure

[ more ]

0001635
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds

[ more ]

0000286
Hypoplasia of the maxilla
Decreased size of maxilla
Decreased size of upper jaw
Maxillary deficiency
Maxillary retrusion
Small maxilla
Small upper jaw
Small upper jaw bones
Upper jaw deficiency
Upper jaw retrusion

[ more ]

0000327
Intellectual disability, progressive
Mental retardation, progressive
Progressive mental retardation

[ more ]

0006887
Intellectual disability, severe
Early and severe mental retardation
Mental retardation, severe
Severe mental retardation

[ more ]

0010864
Joint laxity
Joint instability
Lax joints
Loose-jointedness
Loosejointedness

[ more ]

0001388
Lumbar hyperlordosis
Excessive inward curvature of lower spine
0002938
Metatarsus adductus
Front half of foot turns inward
0001840
Micropenis
Short penis
Small penis

[ more ]

0000054
Pectus carinatum
Pigeon chest
0000768
Pectus excavatum
Funnel chest
0000767
Posteriorly rotated ears
Ears rotated toward back of head
0000358
Prominent antitragus
0008593
Prominent nipples
0004405
Recurrent respiratory infections
Frequent respiratory infections
Multiple respiratory infections
respiratory infections, recurrent
Susceptibility to respiratory infections

[ more ]

0002205
Short metacarpal
Shortened long bone of hand
0010049
Short palm
0004279
Short phalanx of finger
Short finger bones
0009803
Short toe

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Martsolf syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

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