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Disease Profile

Naegeli syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Infancy

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ICD-10

Q82.4

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome; NFJ syndrome; Reticular skin changes, dental anomalies, decreased function of sweat glands, strabismus, and optic atrophy;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Skin Diseases

Summary

Naegeli syndrome belongs to a group of disorders known as ectodermal dysplasias. This condition is characterized by absent fingerprints, thickening of the palms and soles (palmoplantar keratoderma), decreased sweating (hypohidrosis), heat intolerance, patches of darker (hyperpigmented) skin, brittle nails, abnormally colored teeth, and early tooth loss. Naegeli syndrome is caused by mutations in the KRT14 gene and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. While there is no cure for Naegeli syndrome, treatment is based on each individual's symptoms.[1][2][3]

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of dental enamel
Abnormal tooth enamel
Enamel abnormalities
Enamel abnormality

[ more ]

0000682
Adermatoglyphia
0007455
Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma
0007435
Dystrophic fingernails
Poor fingernail formation
0008391
Dystrophic toenail
Poor toenail formation
0001810
Ectodermal dysplasia
0000968
Reticular hyperpigmentation
0007588
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal dominant inheritance
0000006
Carious teeth
Dental cavities
Tooth cavities
Tooth decay

[ more ]

0000670
Fragile nails
Brittle nails
0001808
Heat intolerance
Intolerance to heat and fevers
0002046
Hypohidrosis
Decreased ability to sweat
Decreased sweating
Sweating, decreased

[ more ]

0000966
Palmoplantar keratoderma
Thickening of palms and soles
0000982
Premature loss of teeth
Early tooth loss
Loss of teeth
Premature teeth loss
Premature tooth loss

[ more ]

0006480

Diagnosis

In most cases of Naegeli syndrome, a diagnosis is made based on the typical clinical features of this condition.[1] The diagnosis may be confirmed by genetic testing of the KRT14 gene.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.
  • Orphanet lists international laboratories offering diagnostic testing for this condition.

    Treatment

    Treatment for Naegeli syndrome is based on an individual's symptoms. Dry skin can be moisturized with creams. Exposure to heat should be limited. To avoid overheating, affected individuals should stay hydrated, wear appropriate clothing, and use wet dressings. Dental care is needed to treat cavities and tooth loss.[1][3]

    Organizations

    Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

    Organizations Supporting this Disease

      Learn more

      These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

      Where to Start

        In-Depth Information

        • Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
        • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Naegeli syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

          Selected Full-Text Journal Articles

            References

            1. Itin P. Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome. Orphanet. January 2009; https://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=69087. Accessed 10/14/2016.
            2. Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome/dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis. Genetics Home Reference. May 2013; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/naegeli-franceschetti-jadassohn-syndrome-dermatopathia-pigmentosa-reticularis#genes. Accessed 10/14/2016.
            3. Clifford, RH.. Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn Syndrome. Medscape. June 3, 2014; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1117926-overview. Accessed 10/14/2016.

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