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Disease Profile
Neural tube defects
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
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Age of onset
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ICD-10
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Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
NTDs; Dysraphism
Categories
Congenital and Genetic Diseases
Summary
Neural tube defects (NTDs) refers to a group of abnormalities resulting from abnormal development of the brain, spine and/or spinal column. During the development of an affected embryo, a structure called the neural tube does not close completely as it should, resulting in a hole somewhere along the spinal column. Specific examples of types of NTDs include spina bifida, anencephaly, and encephalocele. Symptoms vary depending on the type of NTD present but often include various forms of physical and/or mental disabilities. Many affected individuals do not survive. The exact cause of NTDs is not known but is thought to involve both genetic and nongenetic factors. Getting enough folic acid before and during pregnancy can reduce the risk of some NTDs. Treatment depends on the severity and type of defect and may include surgery.[1]
Symptoms
This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.
Medical Terms | Other Names |
Learn More:
HPO ID
|
---|---|---|
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO | ||
Absence of the sacrum | 0010305 | |
Anencephaly | 0002323 | |
Asymmetry of spinal facet joints | 0008482 | |
0000006 | ||
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
|
0000238 | |
Lipoma |
Fatty lump
Noncancerous fatty lump
[ more ] |
0012032 |
Multiple lipomas |
Multiple fatty lumps
|
0001012 |
Myelomeningocele | 0002475 | |
Sacral dimple |
Spinal dimple
|
0000960 |
Spina bifida occulta | 0003298 | |
Urinary incontinence |
Loss of bladder control
|
0000020 |
Organizations
Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.
Organizations Supporting this Disease
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Spina Bifida Association
1600 Wilson Blvd, Suite 800
Arlington, VA 22209
Toll-free: 1-800-621-3141
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.spinabifidaassociation.org/
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) provides information related to the health of children, adults, and families. Click on the link to view information on this topic.
- MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
In-Depth Information
- Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Neural tube defects. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Neural Tube Defects (NTDs): Condition Information. NICHHD. November 30, 2012; https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/ntds/conditioninfo/Pages/default.aspx. Accessed 11/5/2013.